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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Numismatics
Terminology
Portal
Currency
Coins, Banknotes,
Forgery
Circulating currencies
Community currencies
Company scrip, LETS,
Time dollars
Fictional currencies
Ancient currencies
Greek, Roman,
Byzantine
Medieval currencies
Modern currencies
Africa, The Americas,
Europe, Asia, Oceania
Production
Mint, Designers
Coining, Milling,
Hammering, Cast
Exonumia
Credit cards, Medals,
Tokens
Notaphily
Banknotes
Scripophily
Stocks, Bonds
v " d " e
This article is about numismatics as an academic discipline. For collecting, see coin collecting.
Numismatics (Latin: numisma, nomisma, "coin"; from the Greek: ½¿¼¯¶µ¹½ nomízein, "to use according to law") is the study or collection of currency, including coins, tokens, paper money, and related objects. While numismatists are often characterized as students or collectors of coins, the discipline also includes a much larger study of payment media used to resolve debts and the exchange of goods. Lacking a structured monetary system, people in the past as well as some today lived in a barter society and used locally found items of inherent or implied value. Early money used by primitive people is referred to as "Odd and Curious", but the use of other goods in barter exchange is excluded, even where used as a circulating currency (e.g., cigarettes in prison). The Kyrgyz people used horses as the principal currency unit and gave small change in lambskins.[1] The lambskins may be suitable for numismatic study, but the horse is not. Many objects have been used for centuries, such as conch shells, precious metals and gems.
Today, most transactions take place by a form of payment with either inherent, standardized or credit value. Numismatic value may be used to refer to the value in excess of the monetary value conferred by law. This is also known as the "collector's value" or "intrinsic value."
Economic and historical studies of money's use and development are separate to the numismatists' study of money's physical embodiment (although the fields are related; economic theories of money's origin depend upon numismatics, for example).
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